Facing Our Fears in Science Fiction Essay - 3400 Words

Facing Our Fears in Science Fiction The dead are walking. They lumber and limp, feet scraping against the asphalt. Suddenly, they lunge and tear down into soft, warm, vulnerable flesh with startling speed. Not far behind, oozing inside-out hellhounds growl around razor fangs, stalking with murderous intent. All because of an innocent little airborne chemical weapon†¦This can’t be happening, this would never happen, right? It may sound far fetched, and it is. These horrifying creatures grace the screen of current blockbuster hit, Resident Evil 2: Apocalypse. So you’re safe. For now. But why are these images on screen so terrifying to us? Why do we cringe and gasp and sigh with giddy relief when it’s all over? Because†¦show more content†¦In these films, along with their numerous brethren, the alien invaders were â€Å"often a metaphor for Communism† (Dirks). The Day the Earth Stood Still was an early warning to the world, and a commentary on paranoid society when its main character tried to do just that. The alien Klaatu, along with his robot backup, Gort, lands in Washington D.C. intending to deliver a message to the world’s leaders – Desist with atomic power or be destroyed. However, before he is able to deliver that message, he is promptly shot – a commentary on society’s post-war paranoia and immediate distrust of the unknown. America’s leaders suspect the humanoid Klaatu of being a Communist spy, Russia won’t meet to hear the message unless it takes place on its own soil, and Britain will have none of that. Ultimately, the alien’s attempts to deliver the dire message are futile, with the world’s leaders unable to overcome their pettiness and suspicion to really hear. Unlike films that followed, The Day the Earth Stood Still was an exception to the rule in that the al ien was not an invader, but a benign message-bearer. Aliens invade in War of the Worlds It seemed that words were not enough, and so films like The War of the Worlds and Invasion of the Body Snatchers made good on Klaatu’s promise. Moviegoers watched in horror as America was indeed invaded, not by Communists but aliens inShow MoreRelatedThe American Public School System1335 Words   |  6 Pagespublic school system is in the hands of the state lawmakers. The Common Core State Standards Initiative is the solution to this crisis facing our country today. These standards provide a framework in our public schools to help better prepare students for college. Through the implementation of these standards here in the State of Florida we will be helping bring our young scholars to a globally competitive level where the sky is the limit. The crisis for public education reform in America began alongRead MoreExploring How Genre and Narrative Features Create Meaning and Generate Audience Response in Twelve Monkeys1660 Words   |  7 Pagesin Twelve Monkeys Twelve Monkeys was directed by Terry Gilliam and released in 1995. Gilliam has written and directed many films including Jabberwocky and the hit Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, which starred many major actors, including Johnny Depp, Benicio Del Toro and Tobey Maguire. Fear and Loathing follows a journalist and his lawyer as they embark on a drug-fuelled search for the American dream. This film is similar to Twelve Monkeys in that both areRead More Apocalypse Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesMissile Crisis in 1963, there was some belief that any use of force could trigger a nuclear holocaust. However, few people knew how close the United States and the Soviet Union were to nuclear war. There are no examples of the entire human species facing annihilation. Doomsday stories are common in literature on a smaller scale. Movies such as Remember the Alamo, Gettysburg, and Saving Private Ryan have characters that face death or destruction, but they face it with bravery and honor. AudiencesRead MoreTheme Of The Illustrated Man1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe Illustrated Man, a science fiction novel written by Ray Bradbury, reaches the first publication in 1951, post World War II society and a current Cold War environment. The time period and characteristics of World War II, the Cold War, and foreshadowing of the Civil Rights Movement serve as important influences for Bradbury’s subject and themes of the novel. Recurring ideas of censorship, technology, justice, and largely death, exist in events and fears of the day. Leading all themes to tieRead MoreThe Worst Is Not Yet For Come1111 Words   |  5 PagesYA authors, in an effort to stop this terrible fate. 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Sub point A Not that long ago, self-driving cars seemed like science fiction, but with the advancementsRead MoreEssay about Blind Obedience700 Words   |  3 Pagesthey are like a blank piece of paper waiting to be filled up with drawings and ideas. This book shows just how easy it is to mold a child. It uses a classroom of children facing a major change in their lives as the setting. The story moves quickly and the characters are only briefly sketched out. The story has a science fiction â€Å"feel† to it. The events preceding the story include a war (with an unknown opponent) that we have lost. The main character among the children is Johnny whose father foughtRead MoreHuman Cloning Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesfictitious idea that lay deep within the pages of sci-fi novels and movies. The very idea that cloning could one day become reality was thought to be a scientific impossibility by many experts. But on February 22, 1997, what was thought to be purely science fiction became reality. That day, a team from the Roslin Institute, led by Dr. Ian Wilmut, changed the history forever by revealing what looked like an average sheep. And its name was Dolly. Dolly became one of the most famous if not the most famousRead MoreEye of the Beholder Twilight Zone Essay1535 Wor ds   |  7 Pagesthe impact it left on viewers. Airing on November 11th, 1960 and running at 25 minutes and 14 seconds, Eye of the Beholder made a dramatic impact on viewers due to its intensely eerie nature and topsy turvy world. Eye of the Beholder was a science fiction story about a woman, Janet Tyler, or Patient 307 as she is referred to, who underwent 11 injections and failed surgeries to look like a normal member of society. Although we do not see her face because it is bandaged up, or anyone elses faceRead MoreThe Wizard Of Oz And I Robot Analysis1864 Words   |  8 Pagesmimics the structure of a science fiction genre. By following the structure of this genre, the writers and producers of The Wizard of Oz and I, Robot, ensure that the narrative contributes to the main theme of good versus evil, with main characters, Dorothy and Detective Spooner, fighting by utilizing and standing steadfast to American values and morals which leads to victory over their adversaries. The first characteristic of a film that is categorized as a science fiction genre is that the main character

Essay on Hate Crimes Against Gays and Lesbians - 1379 Words

Hate Crimes Against Gays and Lesbians LaReese Nixon Kaplan University CJ490: Research Methods in Criminal Justice Prof: Deborah Barrett August 7, 2012 Abstract Introduction Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons frequently face violence motivated by their sexuality or gender identity. Violence may be executed by the state, as in laws prescribing corporal punishment for homosexual acts, or by individuals engaging in intimidation, mobbing, assault, or lynching. Violence targeted at people because of their perceived sexuality can be psychological or physical and can extend to murder. These actions may be motivated by homophobia or trans-phobia, and may be influenced by cultural, religious, or political mores and biases†¦show more content†¦Jacobs and Henry examined the hate crime data collection efforts by the Anti-Defamation League, the Southern Poverty Law Centers Klanwatch Project and the FBI. Using these figures from those groups is widely used today to confirm the existence of a hate crime epidemic. While the collecting of hate crime statistics raises unique problems, including: defining hate crime, establishing a reliable means for determining when a perpetrators bias should transform an ordinary crime into a hate crime and deciding which prejudices are relevant to counting hate crimes. The conclusion that hate crime has reached epidemic proportions evinces the fact that this type of crime is now less acceptable than in the past and that victimized groups now have special social and political status. Also, rising doubts that the picture of a hate crime epidemic shows reality. Perhaps what the real issue is the greater intolerance of prejudice How Will They Understand if We Don’t Teach Them? The Status of Criminal Justice Education on gay and Lesbian Issues. Kevin, Linhorst, and Ann reviewed the inclusion of race and gender in criminal justice education has, to some degree, been prompted as a result of perceived bias by criminal justice system professionals. By utilizing the race and gender experience as a template, interactions between the gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgenderedShow MoreRelatedHate Cr imes Against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Individuals1197 Words   |  5 Pages Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals people make up more than ten percent of the population; that means if you are sitting in a classroom of thirty, then more than three of those people are LGBT individuals. However, this overwhelmingly large minority group continues to be one of the least protected by the government as well as most heavily targeted by discrimination and hate crimes. Regardless of the powerful shift in public opinion concerning LGBT individuals during theRead MoreHate Crime Protection for Gays and Lesbians685 Words   |  3 PagesIn this Gays and lesbians deserve equal protection against the hate crimes that happen in the world. Arent we told as young children and also throughout life to treat others as we would want to be treated? So why are some decimated against based on sexual preference? The statistics show the percentages of the hate discrimination against the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual community. The violence that they are pi tted against, due to peoples discrimination against them, in life. And I willRead MoreEssay on Homosexual Rights and Equality1242 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom their rights even if they are faithful citizens. Gay and lesbian couples are discriminated against and unfairly treated because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination against gay and lesbian couples must be confronted so that those who are trustworthy citizens have the same rights as heterosexual citizens. In this paper, I will argue that homosexual individuals should have equal rights as heterosexuals because (1) hate crimes against homosexuals continues to occur, (2) the discriminationRead MoreIs It A Victim Of Persecution?1553 Words   |  7 Pagesthem to find out that Nassr was gay. Nassr had two children whom the militia captured. The Mahdi militia tortured them in order to get information on Nassr. Finally they killed Nassr children. Now Nassr is living in Siria by himself and alone because of the intolerance h is country had for gay people. Intolerance impacts multiple sectors of society with far-reaching effects on the gay community. Due to the amount of intolerance in society these days, the gay community is facing persecutionRead MoreIs It A Victim Of Persecution?1554 Words   |  7 Pagesthem to find out that Nassr was gay. Nassr had two children whom the militia captured. The Mahdi militia tortured them in order to get information on Nassr. Finally they killed Nassr children. Now Nassr is living in Siria by himself and alone because of the intolerance his country had for gay people. Intolerance impacts multiple sectors of society with far-reaching effects on the gay community. Due to the amount of intolerance in society these days, the gay community is facing persecutionRead MoreGays And Homosexuality1219 Words   |  5 Pagesin society, we now live in a world where gays and lesbians are equally integrated. Those who pushed for the advancement of gay and lesbian rights were successful because gays and lesbians are now able to be legally married. In history being homosexuality was taboo and uncommon; homosexuality was known as a mental illness. Homosexuals werent able to publicly be with a person of the same sex. People who were homosexual have had to endure many hate crimes because sexual orientation was not protectedRead MoreEssay about Hate Crime Victimization1642 Words   |  7 Pagesof murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration were fueled by bigotry† (Karmen, 2013, p. 350). Hate crime victimization is a very prevalent and serious issue that exists amongst our society today that is often used to demonstrate a form of hate towards a particular group of people; primarily minority groups. â€Å"Although each state employs a different definition of hate crime, most statutes include groups singled out on the basis of race (such as African Americans or Asian Americans)Read MoreGetting Away with Murder Aaron1464 Words   |  6 Pagesbrought back a traumatic childhood experience which triggered five minutes of emotional rage and chaos (Cart Rests 1). The claim invoked, which was ultimately rejected by the judge presiding over the case, is known as the homosexual-panic or gay-panic defense. According to the Harvard Law Review, this defense, a manifestation of the temporary insanity plea, is premised on the theory that a person with latent homosexual tendencies will have an extreme and uncontrollably violent reaction whenRead MoreLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender1675 Words   |  7 Pageson is The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community because they face multiple levels of victimization, and it is hard for this group to adjust to society once they have identified themselves as being gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender. In 2013, law enforcement agencies had reported 5,928 hate crime incidents, 20.8 percent were motivated by sexual orientation, and 60.6 percent were identified as gay male-targeted bias. Gay males is one of the main targets to a hate crim e, only becauseRead MoreThe United States Should Pass New Laws To Prevent Discrimination704 Words   |  3 Pages The united states should pass new laws to prevent discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender citizens because along with degrading discrimination socially, politically, and economically through history based on sexual orientation, they face verbal abuse, and other hate crimes in every aspect of their lives which it is against the declaration of independence and constitution. Sexuality is one of the most debated issued in our current politics, followed by leading disputes

Introduction To Management Of AGL Energy Limited And Lendlease Group

Question: Discuss about the Introduction To Management Of AGL Energy And Lendlease Group. Answer: Introduction This report will outline a comparison between two of the most popular business organizations of Australia which are AGL energy limited and Lendlease Group. Lendlease Group was founded in Sydney in the year of 1958 and is working to develop places that leave a constructive legacy by setting the world leading standards for safety, creativity and sustainability. On the other hand, AGL energy limited is one of the leading integrated energy companies of Australia that is working to develop and operate renewable generations in the country. The comparison between these two companies will be presented in this report based on some aspects such as their vision or mission statement, organization value, corporate social responsibility and stakeholders. Vision/Mission Statement AGL Energy Limited: This organization has more than 175 years of experience in delivering gas, electricity, solar PV and related products (agl.com.au 2017). Currently the organization is serving nearly 4m consumers across Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria. The primary mission of the organization is to provide new, creative and integrated offerings to fulfill the changing requirements of the consumers in an always changing energy environment. Business definition of the organization is to harness insights to enrich the energy experience of the consumers; that means the organization is completely committed to do everything for the consumers. In recent times, the organization published its affordability initiatives with the help of community and customer group leaders (Martin and Rice 2015). According to these new initiatives, current commitments of the organization are, Enhance the way the company work with the consumers To invest over $6m within upcoming three years to assist hardship consumers Enhance comparability and transparency Providing precise customer choice Offering direct contact for monetary counselors and society workers Lendlease Group: In one word, the vision of this organization is to develop best places. Themanagement of the organization works closely with its clients, investors and societies in Australia and other places (Asia, Europe and America) to develop unique places (Lendlease.com 2017). The organization has mission to establish places can leave a positive legacy and can encourage and enrich the lives of the people. While doing this, the organization always keep safety as the first priority along with creativity and effective solutions that can deliver long term sustainable outcomes for all the stakeholders (Psaros and Seamer 2015). Therefore, the major principles of the organization are safety ( a place that can care for people), sustainability (decisions of the company now, can improve the lives of people in the future), diversity and inclusion (motivating dissimilarities by working together) and focus on consumers (everything that the company does, it does for the consumers) (Lendlease.com 2017). Value of the organizations AGL Energy Limited: The five values of the organization are one team, delivery, authentic, safe and sustainable (agl.com.au 2017). Lendlease Group: For Lendlease group, the pillars of the companys value are hereby defined in the table below. Pillar How the pillar is provided Value created by the pillar Financial This organization provides returns to the security holders and has adopted a sensible approach to capitalmanagement with a view to uphold tough balance sheet position during market cycles. Margins, fees and ownership returns across establishment along with construction and investments. Health and safety The organization is completely committed to ensure the safety of its people. The organization has implemented a Global Minimum Requirements (GMRs) to offer continuous standard to all the operations. These GMRs not only help to provide physical safety but also helps to ensure health and well being of the people (Lendlease.com 2017). Every stakeholder of the organization has given the right to be safe and well. Themanagement believes that safe operations ensure that people feel valued that makes the organization more reliable, consistent and efficient in everything they do. Customers Consumers are considered as the primary contributor in terms of long term success and growth. Themanagement is currently working to develop a framework that will help to provide consistent consumer experience within all the operations of the organization. The management believes that if the customers are satisfied then the organization will be able to gain more opportunities and will be able to sustain tenancy across their assets. Employees A culture of collaboration is effectively implemented by the organization in its workplace. In the company, employees are recognized and rewarded for their success and brilliant performances. The authority of the organization believe that capable and encourage employees are more productive and committed to the long term success for the organization. Sustainability Through the portfolio of international urban establishment, the organization is successfully delivering environmental, social and economic outcomes. Recognized leadership in Sustainability enhances the brand which is a competitive differentiator. Being sustainable means the company wins work and we attract capital from investors with Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) mandates Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability: AGL Energy Limited: Some policies undertaken by the management of AGL to promote sustainability are hereby mentioned below. GL Greenhouse gas policy: The organization revised its policy related to sustainability in the year of 2015 and stated that the organization is all set to move to a carbon constrained future (Bruwer et al. 2014. It has also provided a framework within which the organization will develop its carbon reduction activities. Measurement of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: There are three approaches followed by the organization to evaluate its greenhouse gas emissions. First, the operational greenhouse gas footprint is covering the emissions from all the operations of the organization (agl.com.au 2017). Second, the impartiality greenhouse gas footprint sets out AGLs share (by proportion of speculation level) of the emissions from completely or moderately owned assets, not considering who operates the asset. Third, the organization is covering emissions from the production, distribution and transportation along with consumption of electricity and gas (Strengers and Nicholls 2014). Enhancing effectiveness of power stations: The organization is actively engaging in operations in both Hunter Valley and Latrobe Valley. The management is few steps away to implement de-carbonized energy systems to make sure that affected communities are not left behind (Macfarlane et al 2014). Investing in low emission technologies: The management has planned to invest heavily in low emission technologies; however, this plan of the organization is facing several major issues (agl.com.au 2017). Some of these issues are oversupply in the energy generation sector, challenges to exit for ageing coal-fired power stations and uncertainty of policies related to renewable energy. Lendlease Group: This organization has a long history of delivering similar focus on environmental, social and economic outcomes in order to react to the complex worldwide forces shaping the future. The management of the organization is actively committed to its long-term goals to provide sustainability (Bepari et al. 2016). These goals include putting health and wellbeing of the people in the first place, developing more water that anyone can consume, using green energy, eliminating waste, and developing an inclusive and diverse atmosphere in which people can prosper. On the other hand, the organization is proudly supporting Better Build Green that is the World Green Building Councils fresh campaign to comply with the UN climate change negotiations (Lendlease.com 2017). The organization has already undertaken materiality evaluations using several indicators such as Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), Dow Jones Sustainability World Index (DJSI), Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark (GRESB) and Australian stock Exchange (ASX) listing policies and legislations. On the other hand, the organization is also developing close relationship with the stakeholders such as consumers, investors and employees. The management collects regular feedback and support via customer and worker surveys along with social media campaigns and face-to-to face communications (Evans and Niesche 2016). Besides, the organization is also regularly monitoring its activities in supply chain to make sure that all the subordinate companies are following rules and regulations related to human rights, environment, anti-corruption and responsible labour practices. The organization complete understand its impact on the environment and evaluates its performance to enhance its methods of doing things in the projects. It helps the organization to develop new benchmarks (Vella and Lake 2014). This organization has a CSR rating of 64 (overall) where it got 68 for environment, 60 for communities, 65 for employees and 61 for governance. Stakeholders The major stakeholders in the case of both the companies are its consumers. The managements of these two companies have placed the requirements and demands of the customers in the center and are developing strategies around those consumers. However, there are some other stakeholders are also there for the companies such as their investors, employees, third party organizations and environment. Conclusion In the end, it can be concluded that both the organizations have developed their business strategies after carefully monitoring the requirements of the consumers in todays ever changing world. As AGL Energy has an experience of more than 175 years, it has been successfully operating and fulfilling the needs of the consumers. However, Lendlease is also doing their best to win the hearts of the consumers. In terms of corporate social responsibility, Lendlease has an upper hand over AGL energy limited. Currently AGL is facing some issues while implementing their goals related to CSR and sustainability. On the other hand, Lendlease has successfully placed them as an organization that puts more emphasis on CSR. References agl.com.au., 2017. AGL | Electricity Providers | Gas Suppliers | Solar Energy. [online] Agl.com.au. Available at: https://www.agl.com.au/residential [Accessed 16 Apr. 2017]. Bepari, M.K., Bepari, M.K., Mollik, A.T. and Mollik, A.T., 2016. Stakeholders interest in sustainability assurance process: An examination of assurance statements reported by Australian companies. Managerial Auditing Journal, 31(6/7), pp.655-687. Bruwer, J., Lockshin, L., Saliba, A. and Hirche, M., 2014. The cellar door: Cornerstone of the direct-to-consumer marketing channel. Australian and New Zealand Grapegrower and Winemaker, (608), p.22. Evans, N.W. and Niesche, C., 2016. Time for change. Company Director, 32(6), p.22. Lendlease.com., 2017. UK Home | Lendlease. [online] Lendlease.com. Available at: https://www.lendlease.com/ [Accessed 16 Apr. 2017]. Macfarlane, M.P., McArdle, M.P. and Calabria, F., 2014. Eastern Australias Energy Markets Outlook 2014. Policy, 16, p.19. Martin, N. and Rice, J., 2015. Improving Australia's renewable energy project policy and planning: A multiple stakeholder analysis. Energy Policy, 84, pp.128-141. Psaros, J. and Seamer, M., 2015. Ranking Corporate Governance of Australia's Top Companies: A Decade On. Australian Accounting Review, 25(4), pp.405-412. Strengers, Y. and Nicholls, L., 2014. Submission to the Australian Governments Energy White PaperGreen Paper. Vella, M. and Lake, N., 2014. Process improvement and managing complexity on the front line: A lend lease approach in civil engineering (1101). In Mastering Complex Projects Conference 2014 (p. 33). Engineers Australia.

The Behavioral Aspects of Individuals in the Psychology Field

Table of Contents Introduction Nature versus Nurture Examples of behavioral disorders The diathesis-stress model The application of the diathesis-stress model Conclusion Reference List Introduction Within the world of science, the debate about nurture against nature will always remain as a confrontational subject. Some scientists along with psychologists allege that the behavioral aspects of persons are mainly influenced by the environmental, which come into their life in the process of growing up.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Behavioral Aspects of Individuals in the Psychology Field specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, an opposing group of specialists argues that the behavioral aspects of individuals can be attributed to the naturalist phenomenon. The concept of naturalist phenomenon is based on the idea that the behavioral characteristics of individuals are mainly passed from parents t o children through the hereditary genes. The two diverse viewpoints have historically brought about numerous theories, ideas, as well as arguments within the psychology field. Nature versus Nurture The American behaviorism father, John Broadus Watson, reinforced the idea of nurture greatly by conducting comprehensive studies on adaptive along with learned behavior patterns within the people’s environmental surroundings (Good, 2004). In the course of the same period of psychological revolutionary ideas, Arnold Gesell who is an American renowned psychologist came up with a different theory, which was against the views brought up by Watson. The Gesell theory stated that physical long with motor growth as well as development are under a natural automatic process of monitoring and regulation. Most of the Gesell’s along with Watson’s ideas persisted strongly within the psychology world in the course of the 19th Century up to the twentieth century (McGuffin, 2004). How ever, as at present, a novel as well as unified psychology world treats both of the Watson’s along with Gesell’s theories equally. It has been discovered that the elaboration on the people’s behavioral characteristics can be linked to both their heredity as well as the environment within which they have been raised.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my own perspective, the nurture aspects theories, in addition to nature play a role in the explanation of individuals’ complete behaviors. Within the recent years, numerous studies as well as experiments were carried out within the psychology field to offer this idea its deserved support thesis. An extensive research as well as testing has been carried out to resolve the bewildering results, which are associated with individuals’ growth development situational differences. The diverse causes, along with impacts of different situations, paying attention to the factual importance, along with the childhood development proper nurturing necessity have been made the central focus. Studies on children’s early developing years reveal the diverse environmental situations which have the potential of causing mixed personalities, sexual preference, mixed attitudes believes along with other diverse behavioral patterns which affect children (McGuffin, 2004). Examples of behavioral disorders Two examples of behavioral disorders are schizophrenia along with antisocial individuality disorder. These kinds of behavioral disorders mostly affect children living within adoption homes. Concerning the antisocial individuality disorder, numerous studies have been undertaken to check the prevalence of antisocial individuality disorder within the children living in adoption homes. The studies were aimed at establishing the likelihood of children developing symptoms, which are related to the antisocia l personality disorder especially while living in adoption homes. The studies were also focused on determining whether the adoption homes environment has the potential of protecting the children from developing the disorders. Previous studies have revealed that the antisocial individuality disorder mostly affects the adoptees that currently possess biological factors of risk (Berrettini, 2000). That is, at least a single biological parent possessed a criminality background or the antisocial individuality disorder.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Behavioral Aspects of Individuals in the Psychology Field specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has also been established that the children living in the adoption homes who previously did not indicate any risk of suffering from the disorder have less chances of acquiring the disorder upon getting into the adoption homes. The combination of adoptive home environment alo ng with the currently existing biological risk tends to contribute towards the prevalence of antisocial individuality disorder amongst adoptees. In addition, it was found out that the children living within adoption homes have an increased risk of acquiring antisocial individuality disorder in the event that the biological parents along with the adoptive parents had previous criminal backgrounds. Nevertheless, there are methodological problems experienced within this nature of studies because numerous factors had to be put into consideration (Berrettini, 2000). For instance, it has not been established whether the disorder is generally passed on by biological mothers or biological fathers. Majority of the adoption studies are undertaken using biological mothers’ information only while overlooking the other equation’s half, that is, biological fathers. Information regarding the criminal background is inconclusive to be used as an antisocial individuality disorder checkm ark within biological along with adoptive parents. In most of the cases, it is assumed that in the event that the biological parents have criminal background, it implies that the parent possessed antisocial individuality disorder and besides has most definitely passed it over to the offspring who has been adopted way (Shaffer, 2009). The arising problem is that, it is not certain that the absence of any criminal background among the biological parents obviously means that the disorder shall not come about. As a result of the previously mentioned reasons, interpretation of the adoption studies results is quite difficult. In addition, it is usually challenging to draw concrete conclusions regarding the aspect that adopted children already exhibit higher chances of suffering from antisocial individuality disorder when weighed against the overall population.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nevertheless, adopted children, in most of the cases are sent to adoptive home environment, which is identical to their biological environment. Due to the all of the previously mentioned discrepancies along with uncertainties, undoubtedly, the process of figuring out the most determinant factor affecting the antisocial individuality disorder development is very complex. The other example of behavioral disorder, which is most common within the adoptive homes, is schizophrenia. The initial studies undertaken regarding schizophrenia indicates that the environment present within the family contributes to the chances of a child developing disorders like schizophrenia (Berrettini, 2000). A study was done on the adopted children whose biological mothers had been attacked by schizophrenia and those whose birth parents exhibited zero mental disorders. It is highly probable that the adopted children whose birth parents had experienced schizophrenia symptoms had also inherited the disorder. On the other hand, the adopted children whose biological parents did not experience any form of mental disorder were most unlikely to suffer from schizophrenia. Recent researches have confirmed these results because adopted children whose parents had experienced schizophrenia exhibited various psychotic symptoms whereas those whose parents were free from any form of disorder did not exhibit any type of psychotic symptoms (Berrettini, 2000). In the event that the adoptive homes functioned at a low rating, the children whose parents had previously experienced schizophrenia were at an increased risk of being infected by schizophrenia. This can be assumed to be the confirmation of the interaction theory commonly termed as genotype –environment. This is because the genotype expression is currently associated with the rearing environment genre. In spite of the already gathered information regarding the behavioral disorder termed as schizophrenia, it is not yet establish what really b rings about the mental disorder. It is also unknown the manner in which the disorder arises within the adoptive homes (Berrettini, 2000). The major problem, which is affecting the better comprehension of the factors, which bring about the schizophrenia disorder, is the lack of sufficient information regarding the gene, which is associated with transmitting the mental disorder (Berrettini, 2000). Moreover, it is not yet known whether the aforementioned gene is practically existent. Besides, researchers dealing with the disorder have not yet established the degree within which the gene influences the emergence of the disease within the adoptive home environments. The diathesis-stress model The Diathesis-stress model refers to a psychological theory giving an elaboration about various behaviors, which are genetically oriented or aroused by life experiences’ stresses. It is therefore more than evident that the model is basically formed on the nature theories. The diathesis is a G reek word, which literally means vulnerability in English (Zuckerman, 1999). The model assumes that the emergence of various disorders (or simply disorder episodes) is instigated by the summation of the individual’s biological disposition concerning the said disorder (or else traits which have the potential of bringing about the disorders) as well as stressful events which contribute towards the rising up of the disorder. â€Å"Diathesis as a term can simply specifically give the implication of a certain genetic predisposition regarding an unusual or diseased condition† (Zuckerman, 1999). However, the term is defined more broadly as the vulnerability, which arises due to the initial child development. Diathesis-stress replica gives the impression that most of the abnormal behaviors are because of various environmental stress genres. â€Å"The theory is often utilized within mental disorders, initially schizophrenia and in some occasions major depression as well as anx iety disorders on top of post stress disorders which are traumatic† (Zuckerman, 1999). Within the medical terminologies, the concept of diathesis-model is believed to have a very long history. Diathesis in the real sense stemmed from the Greece disposition idea. Body fluids are related to diathesis. Originally, various psychologists such as David Rosenthal developed fresh schizophrenia theories by making use of diathesis-stress reproduction (Kearney Trull, 2011). Diathesis- stress reproduction emphasizes that stressors, which influence the vulnerability to genetic predilection, aggravate psychological disorders. However, the fundamental stress aspects along with diathesis are still up to the present unclear (Kearney Trull, 2011). For certain authors, there is the likelihood of addiction or impassiveness (for instance, the more the basic vulnerability, the little the stress is needed in triggering the disorder or even behavior and vice versa). On the other hand, other authors allege that stress along with diathesis are required in high levels, or the changing of the diatheses is undertaken within high stress so as to enable other less stressing events to stress effectively the diathesis as well as trigger the emergence of a certain disease. The application of the diathesis-stress model The diathesis-stress model has aggravated research concerning the basic stressors which individuals affected by disorders, for instance schizophrenia, have high prevalence, and the manner in which they can be managed or controlled. Mental health caregivers using a model, which is founded on stress, protectiveness along with prevalence, develop a private individual’s vulnerability profile. While developing the profile, attention is paid on the hurting aspects, the helpful factors, as well as the prevailing stressors (Zuckerman, 1999). The victim’s family members should also learn developing the profile through the same procedure followed by the mental health- caregivers. As at present, there are several theories, which stimulate genetic predispositions related to the early personality development along with subsequent reaction to stress, for instance, concerns about aggression along with violence (Zuckerman, 1999). However, the ‘diathesis-stress’ as a term is not necessarily used and probably other evolutionary psychology models or gene-environment interaction model can be utilized. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can therefore, be concluded that the diathesis-stress model is usually applied in the control of schizophrenia symptoms. Upon accessing the victim suffering from schizophrenia condition with the model, mental health caregivers are able to offer the most economical means of treatment to the patient. While making use of the model, the caregivers should reconsider socio-cultural factors while developing the victim’s treatment plan (Kearney Trull, 2011). Making use of the model within the adoptive home s is more practicable than within the health clinics dealing with mental patients because the background of the victim is widely understood. In addition, the mental health caregivers are in better position of monitoring the victims within the adoptive homes. The anti-social individuality disorder can be resolved in the same manner as schizophrenia using the model. Reference List Berrettini, W. H. (2000). Are schizophrenic and biological disorders related? A review of family and molecular studies. Biological Psychiatry, 48, 531-538. Good, S. L. (2004). Nature versus nurture: Factors indicating probable cause of learning and behavior disorders in children. Thesis (M.A.L.S.)–Hollins University. Kearney, C. A., Trull, T. J. (2011). Abnormal psychology and life: A dimensional approach. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub Co. McGuffin, P. (2004). Nature and nurture interplay: Schizophrenia. Psychiatrists Praxis, 31, S189-S193. Shaffer, D. R. (2009). Social and personality development. Belm ont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning. Zuckerman, M. (1999). Vulnerability to psychopathology: A biosocial model. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 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